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title: 2020.6.2: Saltaire Overlookers 1830-1914
created: 2022-03-12T10:45:33+00:00
modified: 2025-03-23T10:44:03+00:00
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identifier: 2020.6.2
title: Saltaire Overlookers 1830-1914
type: booklet
format: printed
created: 2019
creator: https://www.explore.saltairecollection.org/api/items/12581
description: 'Saltaire Overlookers 1830-1914' by Roger Clarke, with contributions by Colin Coates: Includes items relating to individual overlookers and the social life of overlookers
subject: Salts Mill
subject: Textile industry
relation: https://www.explore.saltairecollection.org/api/items/6567
source: Gift: Clarke, Roger
rights: Content available under Creative Commons BY-NC-SA licence
rights holder: Copyright Roger Clarke
has format: text
extracted text: Saltaire Overlookers 1830 to 1914 By Roger Clarke in collaboration with Colin Coates 1 Acknowledgements I gratefully acknowledge the contribution of Colin Coates, whose ability to use his computer skills to access information from census returns, newspaper stories, and many other sources has provided me with detailed material which would otherwise have been unavailable, especially in the biographies of Saltaire residents. His research is much appreciated. I have used Jack Reynold’s ‘The Great Paternalist’, published 1983 extensively in researching information about Saltaire in Victorian times. Part one Setting the scene th At the end of the 18 century the time was right for change, and for a different attitude towards work and employment. Calvin preached that hard work, thrift, and efficiency in one’s worldly calling were keys to eternal salvation. Profit is an end in itself, and the pursuit of profit is virtuous. Early capitalists needed a skilled and unskilled workforce disciplined to accept long hours and harsh conditions for as small a wage as possible to maximise profits. The organisation of labour in textile mills was dependent on the nature of the machinery involved, which determined the need for huge galleries and a large workforce to service the machines. Examples of early mills are:- • In 1776, Richard Arkwright, built his cotton mill at New Lanark. There were 9 rooms in the mill for preparing the raw cotton, carding drawing and roving, bobbin winding, throstle spinning, mule spinning, warping and beaming, drawing and weaving, and each was under the control of an overlooker. • In 1840, Brunswick cotton spinning mill, Ancoats, Manchester was built by David Bellhouse who employed William Fairburn to design a 7 storey block which housed 276 carding machines, 77,000 mule spindles, 20 drawing frames, 50 slubbing frames, and 81 roving frames. Overlookers The typical structure of the mill was to have a department manager and an overlooker for each of the mechanis…
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display title: Saltaire, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
thumbnail title: Saltaire, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom: Plan of Saltaire
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title: Saltaire Overlookers 1830-1914
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